By WWII, scientists had already begun looking at alternative gelling substances for routine use in bacteriology, but concluded that agar was still better as it is both firmer and easier to handle. Today, some specialized microbiology applications use the colloid carrageenan (extracted from red seaweed Chondrus crispus, or “Irish Moss”), a more transparent and less auto-fluorescent alternative to agar (agar emits its own background fluorescence when excited by light). However, for routine bacteriological use, carrageenan is more difficult to dissolve, requires higher concentrations, can degrade at high temperatures, and forms weaker gels, which may result in puncturing its surface during the plating of cells.
2023 年 12 月的一封内部邮件显示，使用 LibGen 已在「上报至 MZ」之后获批，MZ 指的是 CEO 马克·扎克伯格。邮件还坦率地写明了他们自己都清楚的风险：「如果媒体报道暗示我们使用了已知为盗版的数据集，这可能会削弱我们在监管问题上的谈判立场。」
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